What to Expect in Civil Litigation: A Practical Timeline

A clear, step-by-step overview of common litigation stages so clients understand process and expectations.

Evergreen Legal Consult Educational Article 2026-03-04

Initial review and strategy

Most matters begin with reviewing documents, identifying claims or defenses, and establishing litigation objectives.

Pleadings and early motions

Complaints, answers, and early motions frame the issues and may narrow claims before discovery begins.

Discovery

Discovery is the evidence-gathering phase, including document requests, written questions, and depositions.

Settlement discussions

Many disputes resolve through negotiation or mediation. A prepared litigation posture often improves settlement leverage.

Trial preparation and trial

If a case proceeds to trial, preparation focuses on witness organization, exhibits, and clear presentation.

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